Kidnapping for ransom has evolved into a central pillar of violence in the West African Sahel, according to a 24-year analysis of conflict data. Once dominated by the abduction of Westerners, the practice has increasingly shifted toward targeting local civilians as foreign presence in the region declines.
Researchers examined nearly 58,000 violent incidents since 2000, revealing how ransom payments have funded extremist expansion, arms purchases, and recruitment across the Sahel.
While seizing foreigners remains highly lucrative, militant groups now rely on widespread civilian kidnappings to sustain a predatory local economy.
The findings highlight a grim dilemma: ransom payments save lives in the short term but perpetuate a cycle of violence that deepens regional insecurity.
